Peter J. Pronovost, MD, PhD, FCCM¹, Brendan C. Delaney, MD², Olga Kostopoulou, PhD, MSc, BA², David E. Newman-Toker, MD, PhD³, Gordon Schiff, MD⁴, Michael J. Schull, MD, MSc, FRCPC⁵ and Hardeep Singh, MD, MPH⁶, (1)Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, (2)King's College London, London, United Kingdom, (3)Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, (4)Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, (5)Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (6)Baylor College of Medicine, Bellaire, TX